Twelve Tables of Rome

Lex Duodecim Tabularum

1	Laws of personal exception (privilegia) must not be proposed.
2	Cases in which the penalty affects the caput or person of a citizen must not be decided except through the greatest assembly (maximum comitiatum) and through those whom the [censors] have placed upon the register of citizens.
3	Public accusers in capital cases shall be appointed by the people
4	The penalty shall be capital for a judge or arbiter legally appointed who has been found guilty of receiving a bribe for giving a decision.
5	No decision with reference to the life or liberty of a Roman citizen shall be rendered except by the vote of the Greater Comitia.
6	Treason: he who shall have roused up a public enemy or handed over a citizen to a public enemy must suffer capital punishment.
7	Putting to death of any man, whosoever he might be unconvicted is forbidden.
8	If anyone should cause nocturnal assemblies in the City, he shall be put to death.
9	When anyone publicly abuses another in a loud voice, or writes a poem for the purpose of insulting him, or rendering him infamous, he shall be beaten with a rod until he dies.
10	Societies and associations which have the right to assemble, can make, promulgate, and confirm for themselves such contracts and rules as they may desire; provided nothing is done by them contrary to public enactments, or which does not violate the common law.
11	An oath shall have the greatest force and effect, for the purpose of compelling good faith.